Insight Stream Insight Stream | Data Analytics & Visualisation Guide

Pick the Right Visual. Tell the Right Story.

Transform complex data into compelling insights that drive decisions. Learn which visualizations work best for your message and how to design reports that engage your audience in 10 seconds or less.

The 10-Second Rule: Your audience should grasp your message within the first 10 seconds, otherwise you'll lose their attention.

Find the Right Visualization

Search for chart types, use cases, or data questions

What People Say

Real feedback from data professionals using these principles

โ€œThis guide completely changed how I approach dashboards. The 10-second rule alone saved our team countless hours in meetings. Our executives actually understand the data now!โ€

๐Ÿ‘จโ€๐Ÿ’ผ
Michael Chen
Data Analyst, Tech Startup

โ€œI was creating pie charts for everything. Now I understand when to use bar charts, when to use trends, and why it matters. My reports are clearer and decisions happen faster.โ€

๐Ÿ‘ฉโ€๐Ÿ’ผ
Sarah Johnson
Business Intelligence Manager

โ€œFinally, a visualization guide that explains the 'why' not just the 'how'. The case studies are gold โ€“ I showed our warehouse example to my team and it clicked immediately.โ€

๐Ÿ‘จโ€๐Ÿ’ป
James Rodriguez
Operations Director, Logistics

What Are You Trying to Show?

All visualisations serve a purpose. Every chart answers one of six questions - pick yours:

๐Ÿ“Š

Comparison

Which is bigger or smaller?

Examples: Revenue by region, performance vs targets, product rankings
Best charts: Bar Chart, Column Chart
๐Ÿ“ˆ

Trend

How is this changing over time?

Examples: Monthly sales, website traffic growth, seasonal patterns
Best charts: Line Chart, Area Chart
๐Ÿ”—

Correlation

Are these two things related?

Examples: Price vs demand, marketing spend vs sales, temperature vs energy use
Best charts: Scatter Plot
๐Ÿ“‰

Distribution

How is data spread out?

Examples: Customer age ranges, order values, response times
Best charts: Histogram
๐Ÿฅง

Composition

What makes up the whole?

Examples: Market share, budget breakdown, category mix
Best charts: Pie Chart, Donut Chart
๐Ÿ†

Ranking

What's the order from best to worst?

Examples: Top salespeople, product performance, league tables
Best charts: Ordered Bar, Funnel Chart

Four Core Principles

Follow these principles when building reports to deliver quality insights and ensure engagement.

Clarity

Well-designed visuals help your audience understand the data story. Avoid ambiguity and unnecessary complexity that will confuse and turn off the audience.

Keep consistency in your layouts and formatting. Have design best practices and stick to them. Consider your audience location - North America represents dates differently than the rest of the world.

Simplicity

Keep the report simple and clean. Everything you visualise should be relative to the data story and serve a purpose. Overcrowding with too many visuals and data points makes reports difficult to digest.

Use consistent design choices - colours, fonts, sizes. The right visual will allow viewers to prioritise what they're looking at.

Accuracy

Represent data truthfully and avoid misleading scales or omitting context. Your organisation relies upon your reports for decision intelligence to support faster decision making.

Remember: your audience needs to make decisions from the insights you're telling them.

Relevance

Every element should serve a purpose aligned with business objectives. Data analysts are an investment - creating value from your data products delivers value to your organisation and adds credibility to your professional standing.

Good vs Bad Examples

โœ… Good Practice: Keep It Simple

Example of clean BI design

What makes this work:

  • Clear visual hierarchy - eyes know where to look first
  • Limited colour palette - not overwhelming
  • Purposeful use of space - easy to scan
  • One clear message per section

โŒ Too Much Noise

Report with too much noise

Problems to avoid:

  • Too many colours distract from the message
  • Shadows and effects add unnecessary noise
  • No clear focal point - where should I look?
  • Audience loses engagement quickly

Know Your Audience

Different stakeholders have different needs requiring different insights to support them.

๐Ÿ‘”

Executives

Strategic Insights

What they care about:

Big picture trends, growth opportunities, risks and customer satisfaction. They make decisions that impact long-term strategy and resource allocation.

How to deliver:

Use high-level summaries with clear KPIs. Focus on implications and recommendations, not granular details. Use scorecards, simple trend lines, and forecasts.

Key question: "What decision does this enable?"
โš™๏ธ

Operators

Tactical Details

What they care about:

Day-to-day performance, process efficiency, bottlenecks and visibility. They need metrics that help them act immediately.

How to deliver:

Provide detailed breakdowns and actionable alerts. Use real-time or near-real-time data. Use tables, heatmaps, and detailed charts for drill-through analysis.

Key question: "What needs fixing today?"
๐Ÿ‘ค

Customers

Simplified Summaries

What they care about:

Clear, easy-to-understand information about their service or product. Transparency without overwhelming technical jargon.

How to deliver:

Use plain language and simple visuals. Highlight benefits, timelines, and outcomes. Progress bars, simple cards, and status indicators work well.

Key question: "How does this affect them?"

Storytelling with Data

You are the bridge between information and insights. Your goal is to translate complex data into an intuitive narrative that makes it easy for your organisation to make faster and better decisions.

Decision-based design: Ask yourself what can be learned from the visuals you're building. Your goal is to captivate, inform, and advise your audience. The right visualisation technique will do all three.

Effective visuals spark curiosity: "Why do we have lower productivity in this warehouse?"

Common Mistakes to Avoid

Learn from common visualization mistakes.

โŒ Don't Why It's a Problem โœ… Do Instead
Use 3D charts Distorts perception of values and makes comparisons difficult Use 2D charts for clarity
Too many colours Creates confusion and visual fatigue Limit to 3โ€“5 colours with consistent palette
Truncate axes Misleading unless justified Start axes at zero or clearly justify truncation
Overload with data Audience can't find the key message Highlight key metrics and use filters
No context or labels Leaves interpretation open Always include titles, legends, and units
Decorative elements Adds unnecessary noise without value Remove unnecessary graphics - every pixel has purpose
Data tables instead of visuals Too much information - asking audience to make their own insights Use appropriate visualizations to tell the story

Continue Learning

Browse Visual Types

Explore detailed guides for each chart type with examples and best practices.

Visual Library โ†’

Outliers & Data Quality

Learn how to identify and handle outliers, understand distributions, and work with imperfect data.

Learn More โ†’

Advanced Topics

Deep dives into star schemas, relationships, and complex analytical scenarios.

Explore โ†’